Installing Oracle 21c (Oracle Infrastructure) onOracle Linux

On this page, we will explain how to install a Grid infrastructure, in this case Oracle 21c on Oracle Linux with ASM udev). The installation is performed on a single server.

In this case we start from the following configuration:

Memory: 9G
Operating system: Linux .
1 Software disk 80 GB
2 Data disks 25G.
2 Disks of 15g for the FRA (Flash recovery area).

Steps:

OPERATING SYSTEM CONFIGURATION - HOST NAME / IP ADDRESS

Before beginning the installation, it is necessary to make a series of configurations in our architecture that are as suitable as possible in order to launch the installation of the Oracle binaries Oracle the best possible way, whether it be the Oracle Infrastructure part or the Oracle part.
First, we must make modifications to the /etc/hosts file to enter the IP and the name of the machine where the installation will be performed.

In this document you can check the minimum requirements needed to perform the installation:

https://docs.oracle.com/en/database/oracle/oracle-database/21/ladbi/server-configuration-checklist-for-oracle-database-installation.html#GUID-CD4657FB-2DDC-4B30-AAB4-2C927045A86D

Download Software

We are going to download the Linux binaries that will be installed later. We need to download both the Grid Infrastructure binaries and the database binaries.

They can be downloaded from the following address:

https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/oracle21c-linux-downloads.html

The binaries are as follows (you can download the rpm the installers—in this case, the installers)

LINUX.X64_213000_db_home.zip (Oracle 21.3)
LINUX.X64_213000_grid_home.zip (Oracle 21.3)

Installation Packages

Before beginning the installation, we must ensure that we have installed the necessary packages to install both Oracle and database binaries. This can be done automatically or manually.

Automatic installation

In our case we are going to install the packages automatically as follows, as root we launch the following command:

dnf install -y oracle

If there are any issues, we can download the rpm the following link and install them manually:

https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/appstream/x86_64/index.html

If you have not usedoracle to install all the prerequisites, you will need to perform the following tasks manually before performing a clean installation:

DISK SPACE AND SWAP

Temporary space, SWAP memory and huge pages configuration (optional, recommended).

WAP	If the RAM memory is between 4 and 16 GB, the SWAP will be equal to the size of the RAM memory. If the RAM memory is larger than 16 GB, the SWAP will be 16 GB.
/tmp	At least 1 GB free in the /tmp filesystem
/u01	At least 80 GB. In this FS will go the binaries of the GRID and RDBMS infrastructure.

It is a good idea to check that huge pages are correctly configured to accommodate all the SGAs of the databases that we are going to deploy on the server, including the memory used by the Grid ASM database, although this configuration is not mandatory.

Add the following lines to the file "/etc/sysctl.conf" or to the file "oracle.conf."

fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

As root run the following command for the kernel level changes to take effect.

/sbin/sysctl -p
/sbin/sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.oracle.conf

Add the following parameters to the file named "/etc/security/limits.oracle.conf".

oracle  soft   nofile    1024
oracle  hard   nofile    65536
oracle   nproc    16384
oracle   nproc    16384
oracle  soft   stack    10240
oracle   stack    32768
oracle   memlock    134217728
oracle  soft   memlock    134217728
oracle  soft   data    unlimited
oracle  hard   data    unlimited

Manually install the following packages that are required for the installation:

dnf install -y bc
dnf install -y binutils
dnf install -y compat-openssl10
dnf install -y elfutils-libelf
dnf install -y glibc
dnf install -y glibc-devel
dnf install -y ksh
dnf install -y libaio
dnf install -y libXrender
dnf install -y libX11
dnf install -y libXau
dnf install -y libXi
dnf install -y libXtst
dnf install -y libgcc
dnf install -y libnsl
dnf install -y libstdc++
dnf install -y libxcb
dnf install -y libibverbs
dnf install -y make
dnf install -y policycoreutils
dnf install -y policycoreutils-python-utils
dnf install -y smartmontools
dnf install -y sysstat

If you have not created the groups and users, you must do so before beginning the installation. You can perform the installation with two users (grid for the Infrastructure part, oracle Database), or use the same user (oracle) for both installations. In this test environment, we will use oracle both installations.

grouporacle
-g 54321 oinstall
groupadd -g 54322 dba
groupadd -g 54323 oper
#groupadd -g 54324 backupdba
#groupadd -g 54325 dgdba
#groupadd -g 54326 kmdba
#groupadd -g 54327 asmdba
#groupadd -g 54328 asmoper
#groupadd -g 54329 asmadmin
#groupadd -g 54330 racdba

useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba,racdba oracle
useradd -u 54322 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,racdba oracle

DIRECTORY CREATION

If this is the first time the installation is being performed, we must create the necessary directories to begin the installation. To do this, we need to create the Oracle and Oracle directories, as well as the installation's own directories.

In our case, we are going to perform the installation on the directory:

oracle.0.0

[oracle] mkdir -poracle
[oracle oracle] mkdir -poracle.0.0/grid
[oracle oracle] mkdir -poracle.0.oracle

Installation of the Grid Infrastructure software

At this point, we can begin installing the software. First, we will install the Grid Infrastructure software (oracle.0.0/grid). To launch the installation, we must run the following command:

We launch the installation as follows:

[oracle grid]$ ./gridSetup.sh

In our case we chose Normal redundancy in the diskgroups. Therefore, we must choose disks of the same size, otherwise you will receive an error indicating this situation.

In this case we have 2 disks of 25Gb for data that we will choose for the disgroup that we will call DATA and 2 of 15Gb for the recovery area or FRA.

Enter the password for SYS / ASMSNMP. It can be different or the same.

Configuration screen, registration in Oracle Manager. Leave it blank; you can configure it later if necessary.

SSOO privileges SSOO the various groups in the SSOO .

We specify the location of Oracle .

Oracle location:

At this point we can add the root credentials so that the necessary operations for the environment configuration are performed automatically. In this case we uncheck the installation to launch the configuration scripts manually once the installation of the grid software is finished.

The installer verifies that all the prerequisites of the installation are correct, indicating us if some prerequisite is not fulfilled so that it is corrected, although there is an option to obviate them, it is recommended to solve the problems that the installation is indicating us to make a "clean" installation and to avoid later problems.

Installation summary:

We launch the installation. The installer will indicate the progress.

When it finishes it will ask us to execute the configuration scripts (root), since previously we did not indicate the credentials of this user.

Once executed, the last screen will be displayed indicating that the installation has been successfully completed.

With this command oracle.0.0/grid/bin/crsctl status res -t, you can verify that the installation was successful. You will receive output very similar to this.